Practical: High-Performance Computing System Administration

High-Performance Computing System Administration is essential for managing HPC resources not only as a user but as a cluster administrator. As part of this practical course, you will take part in a hands-on one-week block course, which will introduce the basics of Linux and using HPC resources and then go into depth on HPC system administration. At the end of the block course you will choose a topic in terms of a tool related to HPC system administration, evaluate that tool and hand-in a report at the end of the semester. For this a supervisor will be assigned to you, who is an expert on the assigned tool and is able to guide you.

Contact Julian Kunkel, Jonathan Decker
Location Virtual Main Room Support Room
Time 16.10.23-20.10.23 5-day block course
Language English
Module M.Inf.1831: High-Performance Computing System Administration
SWS 4
Credits 6
Contact time up to 84 hours (63 full hours), depending on the course
Independent study up to 186 hours

Please note that we plan to record sessions (lectures and seminar talks) with the intent of providing the recordings via BBB to other students but also to publish and link the recordings on YouTube for future terms. If you appear in any of the recordings via voice, camera or screen share, we need your consent to publish the recordings. See also this Slide.

  • No skills/knowledge is required
  • Understanding of Linux basics and having used Linux before and being able to operate a Bash shell is beneficial
  • We will provide a short crash course at the beginning of the course and link supplementary training material
  • Discuss theoretic facts related to networking, compute and storage resources
  • Integrate cluster hardware consisting of multiple compute and storage nodes into a “supercomputer“
  • Configure system services that allow the efficient management of the cluster hardware and software including network services such as DHCP, DNS, NFS, IPMI, SSHD.
  • Install software and provide it to multiple users
  • Compile end-user applications and execute it on multiple nodes
  • Analyze system and application performance using benchmarks and tools
  • Formulate security policies and good practice for administrators
  • Apply tools for hardening the system such as firewalls and intrusion detection
  • Describe and document the system configuration
  • Intrusion detection tools for HPC
  • Encryption tools
  • Image Management and network booting with Werewolf
  • Software Management with modules/spack
  • Ressource Management with SLURM
  • Managing object storage
  • Managing cluster file systems in user space (GlusterFS, FUSE, SeaWeedFS)
  • File system management (NFSv4, Ceph, BeeGFS)
  • Performance analysis tools
  • Monitoring system performance
  • Application and system benchmarks
  • Virtualization tools for HPC (e.g., CharlieCloud, Singularity, Shifter)
  • Scalable databases with e.g., Elasticsearch, Postgres
  • Kernel compilation and configuration
  • Security infrastructures and intrusion systems
  • Deep Package Analysis and filtering
  • Berkeley Packet Filters (eBPF)
  • Firewalls
  • Kernel splicing
  • Scalable software management and distribution for Python
  • Forensic tools
  • Cluster wide User/Group management (e.g. LDAP)
  • Scalable logging and log-file analysis
  • Web Hosting Software Stacks (e.g. LAMP)

This part is attended by BSc/MSc students and GWDG academy participants

Note: There are only breaks for lecture slots in the schedule. You can take a break during exercises as necessary. Preparation sheets: Preparation

Monday 16.10.2023

  • 09:00 - 10:00 Welcome, Organization of the block course – Julian Kunkel Slides Exercise
    • Agenda of the week
    • Forming support groups
    • Format of the “group work”
    • Exercise (10 min): Introduce yourself in the “learning groups”
    • Tutorial (10 min): Demo; setting up cloud resources from a fresh account
    • Exercise (20 min): Is your cloud setup working?
    • Plenary (10 min): Discussion of the format, Q&A
  • 10:00 - 11:30 Linux Crash CourseRuben Kellner slides
    • Command Line
    • Some basic commands
    • Remote access to the Scientific Compute Cluster
  • 11:30 - 12:00 Linux ExerciseRuben Kellner exercise
  • 12:00 - 12:45 Lunch Break
  • 12:45 - 13:15 First steps running applications on the cluster using SlurmPatrick Höhn slides
    • Running applications on multiple nodes using SRUN
    • Getting an overview of the available hardware (docu, sinfo)
    • Outlook of running a parallel program, measuring different types of applications
  • 13:15 - 13:45 Slurm Exercise exercise
  • 13:45 - 14:00 break
  • 14:00 - 14:30 Introduction to GitChristian Köhler slides
  • 14:30 - 15:00 Git Exercise exercise
  • 15:00 - 15:40 Compilation of applications via cmake, Autotools, makeTrevor Khwam slides
    • Exercise for cmake, Autotools, make exercise
  • 15:40 - 16:00 Software management with SpackTrevor Khwam slides
  • 16:00 - 16:15 break
  • 16:15 - 16:45 Running containers with SingularityAzat Khuziyakhmetov slides
  • 16:45 - 18:00 Exercise - Virtual Machine and SlurmJonathan Decker homework primes.zip
    • Virtual Linux machine setup
    • Assessing the performance of running applications
    • Complete other unfinished exercises

Tuesday 17.10.2023

  • 09:00 - 10:00 FirewallsJulian KunkelSlides Exercise NFT Ruleset
    • Lecture(15 min): Introduction to firewalls
    • Exercise(35 min): Exploring firewall rules, port scanning with nmap, internet access for the nodes using NAT
    • Plenary Discussion(10 min)
  • 10:00 - 12:00 Certificates and PKIJonathan Decker Slides Exercise
    • Lecture(45 min): Introduction Certificates and PKI
    • Exercise(55 min): Create, inspect and install certificates into a web server
    • Plenary Discussion(20 min)
  • 12:00 - 12:45 Lunch Break
  • 12:45 - 14:45 Cluster Management (with Warewulf)Niklas Bölter Slides Exercise Slides Exercise
    • “How to boot a thousand nodes”
    • Lecture (20 min): Motivation, components of cluster management (DNS, DHCP, PXE-Boot process, images, resource management, monitoring, hardware-components)
    • Management Demo
    • Exercise (30 min): Describing the responsibility of Warewulf components and the boot process
    • Lecture: Technical details and administration of dnsmasq, DHCP, and investigating logfiles
    • Exercise 1
    • Lecture: Warewulf configuration
    • Demo: Image creation and deployment
    • Exercise 2
  • 14:45 - 15:00 Break
  • 15:00 - 16:00 Network File System SetupPatrick Höhn Slides Exercise
    • Lecture(15 min): NFS Introduction
    • Exercise(30 min): Setup of a basic NFS Server and client
    • Plenary Discussion(15 min)
  • 16:00 - 18:00 Slurm administrationTimon Vogt Slides Exercise Config
    • Slurm installation, basic configuration, testing
    • Lecture: introduction to Slurm
    • Tutorial server installation, basic configuration and testing (flexible break)
    • Exercise: adjustments of the configuration, integration of the cluster nodes, testing

Wednesday 18.10.2023

  • 9:00 - 11:00 Setting Up ContainersFreja Nordsiek Slides Tutorial 1 Exercise 1 Tutorial 2 Exercise 2
    • Lecture (15 min): Introduction to containers and their management
    • Demo + Q&A (10 min): Outlook - the scope of container management in Docker and Singularity ecosystems
    • Lecture (15 min): Setting up Podman and testing it
    • Exercise (30 min)
    • Lecture (15 min): Installing and configuring Apptainer and testing it
    • Exercise (30 min)
    • Plenary discussion (15 min)
  • 11:00 - 12:00 Best practices for administratorsStefanie Mühlhausen Slides Exercise
    • Lecture (20 min): processes and management, documentation, frameworks: ITIL, PRINCE2
    • Exercise (20 min): Discussion of the best-practices, searching for related work, critical discussion of your own experience with the setup of Warewulf and Slurm
    • Plenary discussion (20 min)
  • 12:00 - 12:45 Lunch Break
  • 12:45 - 14:45 Monitoring in HPCMarcus Merz Slides Tutorial
    • Lecture(15 min): Monitoring introduction and software stacks
    • Lecture(5 min): InfluxDB
    • Exercise(20 min): Installing InfluxDB
    • Lecture(5 min): Telegraf
    • Exercise(20 min): Installing Telegraf
    • Lecture(5 min): Grafana
    • Exercise(35 min): Installing Grafana and setting up a dashboard for an example application (Slurm)
    • Plenary discussion (15 min)
  • 14:45 - 15:00 Break
  • 15:00 - 16:00 Service CatalogueMarcus Merz Slides Exercise Exercise Solution
    • Lecture(15 min): Service catalogue introduction, privacy concerns and risk management
    • Exercise(10 min): Describing an application for a service catalogue (Telegraf, Influx, Slurm, …)
    • Plenary discussion (5 min)
  • 16:00 - 17:30 Security and security policiesTrevor Tabougua Slides Exercise Exercise Solution
    • Lecture(30 min): Security introduction + Demo
      • Discussing an existing service and its security implications
    • Exercise(15 min): Theoretical investigation of an existing service (the one from before)
    • Exercise(30 min): Describe a new service and it's security implications and adding it to a service catalogue
    • Plenary discussion (15 min)
  • 17:30 - 18:00 Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI)Nils Kanning Slides
    • Lecture(15 min): IPMI introduction
    • Plenary discussion (15 min)

Thursday 19.10.2023

RzGö live hardware demonstration and Hands-on. If you are a remote participant, we request that you revisit the previous material and prepare questions for Q&A sessions.

On-site is limited to up to 20 participants.

  • Group 1
    • 09:00 Group 1 Meet at GWDG Burckhardtweg 4, 37077 Göttingen in the lobby - (Bus stop Bruckhardtweg)
    • 09:15 Group 1 Network interconnectsSebastian Krey Slides Exercise Hardware
    • Lecture(20 min): HPC Interconnects, Fabric Manager, RDMA, VLAN, LATP
    • Exercise(20 min): Cable planing
    • 10:15 Group 1 Introduction to our onsite hardwareSebastian Krey
      Smartboard Group 1
    • 10:30-13:00 Group 1 Hands-on Hardware Exercises
    • 13:00-14:00 Group 1 Tour in the data center
  • Group 2
    • 11:45 Group 2 Meet at GWDG Burckhardtweg 4, 37077 Göttingen in the lobby - (Bus stop Bruckhardtweg)
    • 12:00-13:00 Group 2 Tour in the data center
    • 13:30 Group 2 Network interconnectsSebastian Krey Slides Exercise Hardware
    • Lecture(20 min): HPC Interconnects, Fabric Manager, RDMA, VLAN, LATP
    • Exercise(20 min): Cable planing
    • 14:30 Group 2 Introduction to our onsite hardwareSebastian Krey
      Smartboard Group 2
    • 14:45-17:30 Group 2 Hands-on Hardware Exercises
  • Setting up hardware
    • Plugin a small cluster
    • BIOS settings
    • Installation of Warewulf
    • Mounting of Infiniband cards
    • Configuration of Infiniband
    • RMDI performance test

Friday 20.10.2023

  • 09:00 - 10:30 Tracking Issues and Collaborative Work with GitlabMartin Paleico Slides Exercise
    • Lecture(10 min): Gitlab introduction
    • Exercise(25 min): Installing Gitlab-Community Edition
    • Lecture(15 min): Best-practices for using Git for issue tracking and collaboration
      • Examples from GWDG
    • Exercise(25 min): Discussing practices for issue tracking
    • Plenary Discussion(15 min)
  • 10:30 - 12:00 Ticket SystemsSadegh Keshtkar Slides Tutorial Exercise
    • Lecture(10 min): Introduction ticketing systems and ticket workflows
    • Tutorial(10 min): Demonstration of features
    • Exercise(30 min): Install Znuny
    • Plenary Discussion(10 min)
    • Exercise (20 min): Testing out Znuny
    • Plenary Discussion(10 min)
  • 12:00 - 12:45 Lunch Break
  • 12:45 - 13:15 WEKA FSChristoph Hottenroth Slides
    • Lecture(10 min): Introduction WEKA FS
    • Demo(10 min): Deployment and usage
    • Plenary Discussion(10 min)
  • 13:15 - 14:30 Provisioning of an Environment for Parallel ComputingArtur Wachtel Slides Exercise
    • Lecture(15 min): Providing a joint software environment with environment modules and Spack
    • Exercise(45 min): Installing MPI and Gromacs and providing module descriptions (other group members to test)
    • Plenary Discussion(15 min)
  • 14:30 - 15:00 ClusterShellArtur Wachtel Slides Exercise
    • Lecture (10 min): Introduction
    • Exercise (15 min): Installation and testing
    • Plenary Discussion(5 min)
  • 15:00 - 15:15 Break
  • 15:15 - 16:15 BenchmarkingAasish Kumar Sharma Slides Tutorial Exercise
    • Lecture(35 min): Benchmarking
    • Exercise(15 min): Real system benchmarking on your VMs
    • Plenary Discussion(10 min)
  • 16:15 - 17:15 Performance EstimationJulian Kunkel Slides Exercise
    • Lecture(20 min): Hardware characteristics and performance estimates in distributed systems
    • Exercise(35 min): Theoretic performance assessment
    • Plenary Discussion(15 min)
  • 17:15 - 17:30 Break
  • 17:30 - 18:00 General Q&A session and organisational information for students slides
  • 2023-11-03 - Send your requested topic to us until this day
  • 2023-11-10 - We assign a supervisor per student until this day
    • Contact your supervisor
    • Work on your topic
    • Write your reports
    • Get feedback from supervisor
  • 2024-03-31 - Submit final report as PDF per email to jonathan.decker@uni-goettingen.de

The exam is conducted through a report. The report should cover the evaluation of the assigned tool. The report should describe:

  • What the tool is, what it is used for
  • How the tool was set up
  • How you evaluated it
  • The results of your evaluation
  • Discussion of problems and potential of the tool
  • Conclusion

The report should not exceed 15 pages (only counting raw text in the main part, the full report including cover pages and appendix may be longer). It is not sufficient to repeat the documentation of the tool in your own words.

We recommend to use the LaTeX templates provided by us here: https://hps.vi4io.org/teaching/ressources/start#templates

In order to be allowed to take the examination, you have to show that you have taken the majority of the sessions of the block course. To prove this, please send 1-2 pages of notes on the course to us. These can be your personal notes from the course you took during the sessions and does not need to be a formatted document and is just to prove that you took the course. These do NOT need to be complete solutions to the exercises, a few sentences on your takeaways per section are enough.

If you joined the course late or had to miss out on some of the sessions, you can find the recordings on BBB and the materials on this web page. The exercises can be completed on a personal VM.

Student Supervisor Topic Submissions
Jakob Hampel Stefanie Mühlhausen Ticketing Systems Schnittstellen/Performance/Vergleich Report
Joao Soares Timon Vogt Web Hosting Software Stacks Supabase vs Pocketbase Report
Andre Buderus Hauke Kirchner Scalable software management and distribution for Python
Jakob Dieterle Freja Nordsiek File system management (NFSv4, Ceph, BeeGFS)
Qumeng Sun Marcus Merz Intrusion detection tools for HPC Report
Mohamed Basuony Hendrik Nolte Scalable software management and distribution for Python
Zilin Song Timon Vogt Ressource Management with SLURM
Abdellah Omar Adolf Marcus Merz Monitoring System Performance
Michael Hubert Duah Jaromir Nemecek Image Management and network booting with Warewulf
Tim Dettmar Sebastian Krey HPC networking with libibverbs and libfabric (fallback Managing Cluster File Systems in user space) Report
Frederik Hennecke Zoya Masih Berkeley Packet Filters Report
Mehmet Niyazi Kayi Julian Rüger Cluster wide User/Group management (e.g. LDAP)
Surendhar Muthukumar Freja Nordsiek Managing cluster file systems in user space (GlusterFS, FUSE, SeaWeedFS) Report
Ashutosh Jaiswal Narges Lux Application and System Benchmarks
Pranay Bhatia Jonathan Decker Kubernetes for HPC Report
Sunny Jain Lars Quentin Scalable databases with e.g. Elasticsearch, Postgres Report
Lars Quentin Marcus Merz Prometheus Scalability Evaluation for HPC Monitoring Report
Chinaza Ogo Obiagazie Julian Rüger Cluster wide User/Group management (e.g. LDAP)
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